California AVAs
Central Coast AVA
A massive multi-county region that spans from the San Francisco Bay area down to Santa Barbara
Alameda County
Livermore Valley AVA - White it was officially established in 1982, it was well known before anyone had ever heard of Napa with more than 50 wineries there in the 19th century prior to Prohibition. It played a foundational role in the state's wine identity, including winning the first international gold medal for a California wine in 1889. Today, it is the “heritage” site for Chardonnay where nearly 80% of California’s Chardonnay vines can be traced back to the Wente clone developed here. Additionally, roughly 80% of California’s Cabernet Sauvignon vine can be traced back to the Clones developed by the Concannon Vineyard. Other notable varietals include Petite Sirah, Sauvignon Blanc and Merlot.
Contra Costa County
Lamorinda AVA - Established on February 24, 2016, it is a unique sub-appellation of the San Francisco Bay AVA. Its name is a combination of the three suburban communities it encompasses: Lafayette, Moraga, and Orinda
Monterey County
Arroyo Seco AVA - Established in 1983, it is a distinguished wine region in Monterey County known for its cool climate and uniquely rocky soil. The name means "dry riverbed" in Spanish. Known for Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Riesling and Sauvignon Blanc.
Carmel Valley AVA - Established in 1983, it is a rugged and prestigious wine region in Monterey County known for its distinct microclimates and high-altitude vineyards. Despite its total area of roughly 19,000 acres, it is an exclusive region with only about 300 acres of vines currently under cultivation. They include Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot in the Cachagua Valley and Chardonnay and Pinot Noir in the lower valley.
Chalone AVA - A remote and high-altitude wine region in the Gabilan Mountains of Monterey County. The region gained international fame when a 1974 Chalone Vineyard Chardonnay placed 3rd at the legendary 1976 Judgment of Paris, outranking many prestigious French burgundies. (Note: This AVA straddles Monterey County and San Benito County)
Hames Valley AVA - Established in 1994, it is the southermost wine region in Montery County. It produces Cabernet Sauvignon, Petite Sirah, Merlot and Syrah. It is one of the few places in Monterey growing traditional Portuguese port varieties like Touriga Nacional and Tinta Cão.
Monterey AVA - Established in 1984, is an expansive "umbrella" appellation that stretches nearly 100 miles along the Salinas Valley in Monterey County. It is one of California's largest wine regions, covering approximately 40,000 acres of cultivated vineyards. Varieties include Chardonnay (accounting for ~50% of all vines), Pinot Noir, and Riesling as well as Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Syrah, and Zinfandel.
San Bernabe AVA - Established in 2004, it is a unique sub-appellation centrally located within the larger Monterey AVA. Spanning approximately 25,000 acres, it is defined by its massive single-estate vineyard, which is one of the largest continuous vineyard holdings in the world. Produces Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Merlot, Syrah and Riesling.
San Antonio Valley AVA - Established in 2006, is located in the southern region in Monterey County. Leading reds include Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Petite Sirah, Petit Verdot and Tempranillo.
San Lucas AVA - Established in 1987, it is located at the southern end of the Salinas Valley in Monterey County. Historically used for dairy farming and grazing, the region began its viticultural development in the 1970s. Leading reds include Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Malbec, Petit Verdot and Petite Sirah. Whites include Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc.
Santa Lucia Highlands AVA - Located between Monterey and Big Sur in the Santa Lucia Mountains, this region's vineyards are approximately 50% Pinot Noir, which does so well in the cool coastal climate. But this region includes many grape varietals including Chardonnay, Chenin Blanc, Viognier, Riesling, Pinot Gris and Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Malbec, Merlot and Syrah.
San Benito County
The only county within the Central Coast AVA that touches neither ocean nor bay.
Chalone AVA - A remote, high-altitude (1200 to 2300 feet) wine region in the Gabilan Mountains of Monterey County, established in 1982. It is most famous for its unique geology and its historic role in putting California wine on the world stage. The Chalone Vineyard Chardonnay famously placed 3rd in the 1976 Judgement of Paris, beating several prestigious French wine. Chardonnay and Pinot Noir are the primary grapes. (Note: This AVA straddles Monterey County and San Benito County).
Cienega Valley AVA - Established on August 19, 1982, this AVA is primarily recognized for its dramatic position along the San Andreas Fault, which splits the valley. Most famous for Pinot Noir and Chardonnay.
Lime Kiln Valley AVA - This AVA is a "nested" appellation located at the southern end of the Cienega Valley in San Benito County. It is one of the smallest and most exclusive AVAs in California, covering about 2,300 acres, though only a small fraction is actually planted with vines. Planting include Mourvèdre and Zinfandel with smaller amounts of Cabernet Sauvignon and Pinot Noir.
Mt. Harlan AVA - Established on November 15, 1990, it is one of the most exclusive appellations in the United States, effectively serving as a single-winery AVA for the Calera Wine Company. Grapes include Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Viognier and Aligoté.
Pacheco Pass AVA - This is a small, relatively obscure wine region established on April 11, 1984. It is a single winery AVA hosting the Zanger Vineyards that grows Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Zinfandel, Chardonnay and Gewürztraminer. Zanger Vineyards is particularly well-known for producing specialty fruit wines (apricot, pomegranate, blackberry) alongside traditional varietals.
San Benito AVA - Established on October 5, 1987, this AVA encompassing approximately 45,000 acres and serves as an "umbrella" appellation for several smaller, more specific regions in the county. Primary grapes include Pinot Noir and Chardonnay.
Paicines AVA - Established on August 16, 1982, this is a sub-appellation of the broader San Benito AVA growing Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Syrah and Grenache along with Chardonnay.
San Francisco County
San Francisco County has no AVAs. San Francisco is one of the smallest and most densely urbanized counties in the United States, leaving essentially no land available for commercial viticulture.
The wine country surrounding San Francisco is in the neighboring counties — Napa, Sonoma, Marin, San Mateo, and Santa Cruz.
San Luis Obispo County
San Luis Obispo AVA
Arroyo Grande Valley AVA - It was established in 1990, in the southern portion of San Luis Obispo County. The region is defined by its unique 16-mile-long valley that cuts inland from the Pacific Ocean, creating two distinct climate zones - the Western Coastal Zone and the Eastern Inland Zone. The AVA produces a wide range of wines but is best known for its Chardonnay and Pinot Noir in the cooler region as well as Syrah and Zinfandel in the Inland zone.
Edna Valley AVA - Established in 1982, it is a renowned cool-climate viticultural area located just south of San Luis Obispo and north of the Arroyo Grande Valley. Varietals include Pinot Noir and Chardonnay as well as Albariño, and Viognier.
Paso Robles
Adelaida District AVA - Established in 2014, is the most northwestern sub-appellation of the Paso Robles AVA in California. It is widely considered the "crown jewel" of Paso Robles' west side due to its high elevation, cooling maritime influence, and rare limestone-rich soils. It is unique for its ability to produce both Rhône and Bordeaux varietals including Mouvèdre, Zinfandel, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, and Grenache.
Creston District AVA - Often called Paso Robles' "hidden treasure," the Creston District is an eastern sub-appellation established in 2014. Creston sits on an old erosional plateau at the base of the La Panza Range. It is known for its rural, "step back in time" atmosphere, where vineyards share the landscape with cattle ranches and horse pastures. The standout grape produced is Cabernet Sauvignon, but it’s also known for Merlot, Zinfandel, Syrah and Petite Sirah.
El Pomar District AVA - The El Pomar District AVA, established in 2014, is located in the central heart of the Paso Robles AVA, southeast of the city. Its name comes from the Spanish word for "orchard," reflecting the area's rich agricultural heritage as a former "Almond Capital" of California. Best know for Bordeaux varietals such as Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot as well as Syrah, Grenache and Cabernet Franc.
Paso Robles Estrella District AVA - The largest of the 11 sub-appellations in Paso Robles. Located northeast of the city, it is a historic powerhouse known for its rolling plains and valley floors. Their signature grape is Cabernet Sauvignon but also know for Merlot, Petite Sirah, Grenache, Mourvèdre, and Zinfandel. White varieties include Sauvignon Blanc, Viognier, and Chardonnay.
Paso Robles Geneseo District AVA - Centrally located, this AVA is a warm-climate district that bridges the gap between the city of Paso Robles and the eastern rolling hills. Best known or Cabernet Sauvignon, Zinfandel and Syrah but also producing Viognier, Grenache Blanc and Chardonnay.
Paso Robles Highlands District AVA - The most southeasterly and second-largest sub-appellation in Paso Robles. Known as an "unsung hero" of the region. This district is a major source of fruit for wineries throughout Paso Robles, even if they don't have a tasting room in the district itself. Known for producing Cabernet Sauvignon, Petite Syrah and Syrah as well as Chenin Blanc, Chardonnay and Muscat Blanc.
Paso Robles Willow Creek District AVA - One of the most acclaimed and visited AVAs in Paso Robles, just west of Highway 101. Best know for their Rhône varietals like Syrah, Grenache, and Mourvèdre, alongside Zinfandel and Cabernet Sauvignon.
San Juan Creek AVA - The easternmost sub-appellation of the Paso Robles AVA. It is a historic ranching and farming region centered around the town of Shandon and is uniquely shaped to follow the river valley of San Juan Creek. Produces Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet Franc and Petite Sirah.
San Miguel District AVA - The northernmost sub-appellation. It is a historic region where Paso Robles viticulture began, with the first vines planted at the Mission San Miguel Arcángel in the late 1700s. Best known for Zinfandel but also produces Cabernet Sauvignon, and Merlot as well as Sangiovese, Aglianico and Nebbiolo.
Santa Margarita Ranch AVA - The southernmost and most isolated sub-appellation of Paso Robles. It is unique because it is essentially a monopole-style AVA, consisting of a single massive vineyard (Margarita Vineyard) managed under the same ownership. Produces Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot as well as Pinot Noir, Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc.
Templeton Gap District AVA - Located directly west of the city and south of Willow Creek, it is defined by a low-lying break in the Santa Lucia Range that serves as the primary gateway for cooling Pacific air to enter the entire Paso Robles basin. The cooler climate is a premier environment for Syrah, Grenache and Mourvèdre but also produces Pinot Noir and Chardonnay.
York Mountain AVA - Established in 1983, it is one of California's oldest and smallest viticultural areas. While it sits directly on the western border of the Paso Robles AVA, it is technically a separate, independent appellation. It is widely considered the coolest and wettest wine-growing region in the greater Paso Robles area due to its high elevation and extreme proximity to the Pacific Ocean. Known for Pinot Noir as well as Rhône varietals such as Syrah and Bordeaux varietals such as Cabernet Sauvignon.
San Mateo County
Santa Cruz Mountains AVA - The Santa Cruz Mountains AVA is one of California’s most historic and geographically unique wine regions. Established in 1981, it was the first American Viticultural Area to be defined by its mountainous topography rather than established boundaries. Primary grapes include Pinot Noir, Chardonnay and Cabernet Sauvignon.
Santa Barbara County
Alisos Canyon AVA - Located near the town of Los Alamos between the Santa Maria and Santa Ynez Valleys, Alisos Canyon stretches into the sandy hills on both sides of Alisos Canyon Road from Highway 101 to Foxen Canyon Road. This AVA, created in 2020, is nearly 5,800 acres and home to about 240 acres of wine grapes planted on nine ranches. Vineyards of this AVA are known for Syrah, Grenache and other Rhône grapes.
Ballard Canyon AVA - This 7,700 acre region was formed in 2013 and has 600 acres of vineyards. More than half the acreage is dedicated to Syrah, but another 30% contains other Rhone varieties such as Grenache Blanc.
Foxen Canyon - A wide range of grapes are grown here including Riesling, Chenin Blanc, Albariño, Grenache and Gamay Noir.
Happy Canyon AVA - Established in 2009, this region produces Sauvignon Blanc, Viognier, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec, Merlot, Sangiovese and Syrah.
Lompoc - While there is no official "Lompoc AVA," the city of Lompoc serves as the primary urban hub and "western gateway" for the world-renowned Sta. Rita Hills AVA.
Los Alamos Valley - While the Los Alamos Valley is a highly respected winegrowing region in Santa Barbara County, it has not yet received federal recognition as an American Viticultural Area (AVA). Wines produced here are typically labeled under the broader Santa Barbara County designation
Los Olivos - Warmer weather grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon and Sauvignon Blanc do well here.
Santa Maria Valley AVA - Located in Northern Santa Barbara County, this region has 7,500 acres of planted vineyards producing many white and red wines. Cool-climate grapes such as Pinot Noir and Chardonnay thrive here.
Santa Ynez Valley AVA - Part of the larger Central Coast AVA, this region has the largest concentration of wineries in Santa Barbara County. Chardonnay is big along the cooler western part of the valley while the Rhone varietals do best in warmer eastern region.
Los Olivos District AVA - Entirely within the Santa Ynez Valley AVA, located between the Ballard Canyon AVA and the Happy Canyon ABV. Established February 2016.
Sta. Rita Hills AVA - Created in 2001, this region experiences fog and coastal breeze along the Pacific Ocean, and has become well known for Pinot Noir and Chardonnay which grow so well in these conditions. The region is also well known for its Chardonnay and Syrah varietals.
Santa Clara County
San Ysidro District AVA - The San Ysidro District AVA is a small, boutique wine appellation located in Santa Clara County, California, situated at the southern end of the Santa Clara Valley near the city of Gilroy. It was established in 1990. Primary grapes are Chardonnay, Pinot Noir and Bordeaux varieties.
Santa Clara Valley AVA - The Santa Clara Valley AVA is a large appellation encompassing most of Santa Clara County in California's San Francisco Bay Area. It was established in 1989 and is one of California's oldest wine regions, with a winemaking history dating back to the Spanish mission era in the late 18th century. Grapes include Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Chardonnay, with some Syrah and Grenache.
Santa Cruz
Ben Lomond Mountain AVA - Established in 1987, this regions has 9,000 acres of planted vineyards focused on Chardonnay and Cabernet Sauvignon.
Inland Valleys
Madera County
Madera AVA - The Madera AVA is a wine appellation located in Madera County in California's San Joaquin Valley, established in 1985. It sits in the heart of California's vast Central Valley, roughly halfway between Fresno and Merced. Best known for its dessert and fortified wines, particularly Port-style wines and Muscat-based sweet wines, it also produces Zinfandel, Barbera, Syrah and various Rhône and Italian varieties.
Sacramento County
Alta Mesa AVA - The Alta Mesa AVA is actually a sub-appellation within the larger Lodi AVA, located in the eastern portion of Sacramento County. It was established in 2006 and Zinfandel is the star. Cabernet Sauvignon and Chardonnay are grown.
Borden Ranch AVA - This AVA is another sub-appellation within the greater Lodi AVA, established in 2006 alongside several other Lodi sub-AVAs. It is located in the northeastern portion of the Lodi region, straddling the border between Sacramento and San Joaquin counties. Grapes include Zinfandel, Cabernet Sauvignon and Syrah.
Clarksburg AVA - Established in 1984, it is one of the earlier designated AVAs in California. Chenin Blanc is most associated with this AVA but it also produces Petite Sirah, Cabernet Sauvignon and Chardonnay.
Cosumnes River AVA - Another sub-appellation within the Lodi AVA. Established in 2006, the deep, fertile sandy loam soil makes it well suited for Chardonnay and Pinot Gris. Some Pinot Noir is planted.
Sloughhouse AVA - Another sub-appellation within the Lodi AVA. Established in 2006, it takes its name from the small historic community of Sloughhouse. The warmer conditions of this AVA make it better suited for Zinfandel, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah and Barbera.
San Joaquin County
Clements Hills AVA - Yet another sub-appellation within the Lodi AVA. Established in 2006, it is located in the eastern portion of San Joaquin County. Here, being somewhat removed from the Delta breeze, the warner climate is well suited for Zinfandel, Cabernet Sauvignon and Syrah.
Jahant AVA - Continuing the sub-appellations of the Lodi AVA, this one was also established in 2006. It is situated between the warmer eastern sub-AVAs and the cooler northern sub-AVAs. Zinfandel is well established here, as well as Cabernet Sauvignon and other Bordeaux varieties.
Lodi AVA - The Lodi AVA actually straddles both San Joaquin County and Sacramento County. One of California's most important and prolific wine appellations, this AVA is located in the northern San Joaquin Valley where it meets the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, roughly centered around the city of Lodi. It was established in 1986 and encompasses approximately 545,000 acres, though vineyard land represents a fraction of that total. Zinfandel is most closely associated with Lodi, but Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Petite Sirah, Syrah and Viognier do well.
Mokelumne River AVA - The Mokelumne River AVA is arguably the most important and well-known of the Lodi sub-AVAs, established in 2006. It’s considered the spiritual core of the Lodi region. Some of the vines date back to the late 1800s and early 1900s, making them among the oldest producing Zinfandel vines in the world.
River Junction AVA - Established in 2001, it is one of the more recently designated AVAs in the broader region. River Junction is best known for Chardonnay.
Tracy Hills AVA - One of the newer appellations in the region, it was established in 2017. It is located in the southwestern corner of San Joaquin County, near the city of Tracy. The cooling winds make it suitable for Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Chardonnay.
Stanislaus County
Diablo Grande AVA - This AVA is a small and fairly obscure appellation located in the western hills of Stanislaus County, nestled within the Diablo Range mountains. It was established in 1998. Though the total AVA boundary spans 30,000 acres, only around 35 to 52 acres have ever been actively planted with vines. These include Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Merlot, Pinot Noir, Syrah, and Sangiovese.
Salado Creek AVA - A sister appellation to Diablo Grande, it is also located in western Stanislaus County, California. It is an exceptionally small and rare wine region that was established in 2004. Only 40-some acres are planted with grape vines with a focus on Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Sauvignon Blanc and Viognier.
Yolo County
Capay Valley AVA - Established in 2002, "Capay" comes from the local Native American word for "stream," referencing Cache Creek which cuts directly through the valley. Grapes grown include Syrah, Tempranillo, Viognier, Cabernet Sauvignon and Sauvignon Blanc.
Dunnigan Hills AVA - Established in 1993, this AVA spans 89,000 acres with approximately 1500 to 2000 acres of planted wine grapes which include Syrah, Tempranillo, Graciano, Petite Sirah, Viognier, and Cabernet Sauvignon.
Merritt Island AVA - This is one of California’s absolute oldest and most unique viticultural areas, situated on an actual island within the Sacramento River Delta in Yolo County. Established in 1983, it was the nation’s 27 official AVA. Its best known for growing Chardonnay, Chenin Blanc and Petite Sirah.
North Coast
Lake County
Benmore Valley AVA - This is a highly secluded, high-altitude wine region tucked into the southwestern corner of Lake County. Established in 1991, only around 100 acres are planted with grape vines. They include Chardonnay, Pinot Noir and Pinot Blanc.
Clear Lake AVA - Established in 1984, it is the oldest AVA in Lake County with approximately 8000 acres of active vineyards. The signature grape is Sauvignon Blanc but other successful grapes include Cabernet Sauvignon, Zinfandel and Syrah.
Guenoc Valley AVA - This is a historic, isolated wine region located in the southernmost tip of Lake County, California, right on the border of Napa County. Established in 1981, it was the first single-proprietor AVA in the U.S. There are roughly 400 acres of planted vineyards that include Cabernet Sauvignon, Petite Sirah and Sauvignon Blanc.
High Valley AVA - Located between 1600 and 3000 feet above sea level, this AVA (established in 2005) has approximately 1100 acres of active vineyards that include Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Noir, and Pinot Blanc in the cool valley floor, and Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, and Petite Sirah in the warmer hillsides.
Red Hills Lake County AVA - The crown jewel for premium red wines in Lake County. Established in 2004, has over 3000 acres of active vineyards that include Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Petite Sirah, Zinfandel and Cabernet Franc.
Mendocino County - Best wines are divided into cooler-climate types such as Pinot Noir and Gewürztraminer and the warm climate Zinfandel, Petite Sirah and Rhone varietals.
Anderson Valley AVA - Established in 1983, this cool-climate wine region is known for its Pinot Noir as well as Gewürztraminer, Pinot Gris, and Riesling.
Cole Ranch AVA - This is the smallest AVA in the U.S. The entire AVA encompasses just 189 acres of which only 55-60 acres are planted with grapevines. It’s a single-proprietor AVA originally planted by John Cole in the 1970s. Today it is owned by Rootdown Wine Cellars that is focusing on Alpine and French grapes such as Savignin, Jacquère, and Mondeuse.
Covelo AVA - This is one of California’s most remote and smallest wine regions. At it’s 2006 inception, it has only two acres of grape vines. Today, it’s estimated to have 10-12 acres. Experimental plantings included Pinot Noir, Tempranillo, Grenache and Mencía
Dos Rios AVA - Established in 2005, the AVA covers 15,000 acres of which only six acres are under vine. Grapes include Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Zinfandel and Syrah.
McDowell Valley AVA - One of the oldest and most historically significant wine regions in Mendocino County. Established in 1981, it was the first AVA in the county and among the first in California. Grapes include Syrah, Grenache, Zinfandel, Petite Sirah and whites such as Marsanne, Viognier and Roussanne.
Mendocino AVA - Established in 1984, this is the foundational appellation for the region. It is a large "blanket" AVA that covers about 283,300 acres in the southern and central parts of Mendocino County.
Mendocino Ridge AVA - One of the most distinctive and visually stunning wine regions in the world. Established in 1997, it is the only non-contiguous AVA in the United States. Its boundaries are defined strictly by elevation: only vineyards planted at 1,200 feet or higher are included. Because of this, the AVA is famously nicknamed "Islands in the Sky." Just 75 to 250 acres are actually planted with vines that include Zinfandel, Pinot Noir and Chardonnay.
Potter Valley AVA - Established in 1983, this is a high-elevation valley that sits at roughly 1000 feet. It is primarily known for Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling, Pinot Noir and Zinfandel.
Redwood Valley AVA - Established in 1996, this is the site of the county’s first vineyard plantings by Italian and Greek immigrants in the 1880s. While known for old-vine Zinfandel and Petite Sirah, the region also produces Cabernet Sauvignon, Barbera, and Chardonnay.
Yorkville Highlands AVA - Established in 1998, this AVA acts as a high-altitude bridge between the fog-cooled Anderson Valley to the northwest and the sun-drenched Alexander Valley to the southeast. Leading reds include Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Pinot Noir, and Merlot. As for whites, it is known for Sauvignon Blanc.
Sonoma County
Alexander Valley AVA - Established in 1984, it is the largest and most extensively cultivated wine region in Sonoma County. Located in northeastern Sonoma County just north of Healdsburg. Considered to be Sonoma’s warmest appellation, it also sees diurnal temperature swings that are ideal for grape growing. Cabernet Sauvignon is considered to the best grape of the region while Merlot, Zinfandel and Sangiovese are also grown. White grapes include Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc.
Bennett Valley AVA - Established in 2003, is one of Sonoma County’s smallest and newest appellations. It’s located just southeast of Santa Rosa. It’s considered to be one of the coolest AVA in the county. While Merlot and Syrah are highly regarded, Chardonnay and Pinot Noir are stars.
Carneros AVA - Established in 1983, it is unique because it straddles both Napa and Sonoma counties. It was the first wine region in California to be defined by its climate and terroir rather than drawn boundaries. Carneros is known for their Pinot Noir and Chardonnay as well as for premium sparking wines.
Chalk Hill AVA - This AVA is a small sub-appellation of the Russian River Valley. Established in 1983, it is located above the fog line making it slightly warmer. Hence, Bordeaux reds (Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot) do well as do Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc.
Dry Creek AVA - Often called the “Zinfandel Capital of California,” this AVA was established in 1983. It’s only 16 miles long and 2 miles wide but packs a powerful punch in the Sonoma County. While Zinfandel is the star, Sauvignon Blanc and Rhône varietals such as Syrah do very well.
Fort Ross/Seaview AVA - This AVA is often called the "Extreme Sonoma Coast" due to its rugged, remote location on the steep ridges overlooking the Pacific Ocean. The primary grapes of this AVA are Pinot Noir and Chardonnay.
Knights Valley AVA - One of Sonoma County's warmest and most remote wine-growing regions. Located in the northeastern corner of the county, it serves as a rustic "bridge" between the Alexander Valley and Napa's Calistoga. The region is defined by its wild, untamed landscape at the foot of Mount St. Helena and the Mayacamas Mountains. Established in 1983, this AVA’s undisputed star is Cabernet Sauvignon. Other major varieties include Merlot, Cabernet Franc and Malbec. High quality Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc are also grown here.
Moon Mountain AVA - Established in 2013, this high-altitude region is perched on the western slopes of the Mayacamas Mountains, directly across the ridge from Napa Valley's Mt. Veeder. Known for its rugged, "moonlike" terrain. It produces some of the most powerful and structured red wines in Sonoma County including Cabernet Sauvignon, Zinfandel, Chardonnay and Pinot Noir.
Northern Sonoma AVA - This AVA is a massive, overarching "umbrella" appellation that covers approximately 329,000 acres in the northern part of Sonoma County. It is the second-largest AVA in the county, after the Sonoma Coast. It entirely encompasses or overlaps with several other prominent AVAs including Alexander Valley, Dry Creek, Russian River Valley, Knight Valley, Chalk Hill and parts of Rockpile, Green Valley and Pine Mountain/Cloverdale Peak.
Pine Mountain - Cloverdale Peak AVA - Established in 2011, this is one of the highest and most remote wine-growing regions in California. This AVA sits between 1600 and 3,000 feet at the peak. Cabernet Sauvignon accounts for 80% of the planted acreage along with Malbec and Merlot.
Rockpile AVA - This AVA was established in 2002 in a rugged, high-altitude region in the northwest corner of the Dry Creek Valley. While there are no tasting rooms in this AVA, it produces Zinfandel, Syrah, Petite Syrah and Cabernet Sauvignon.
Russian River Valley AVA - Established in 1983, this is the crown jewel of Sonoma County viticulture. Renowned worldwide for its "Burgundian" style, it is arguably America's premier region for top-tier Pinot Noir and Chardonnay as well as Zinfandel.
Middle Reach - The northern most neighborhood located near Healdsburg and Dry Creek Valley. This is the warmest area known for cherry-flavored Pinot Noir.
Laguna Ridge - Located in the central Russian River AVA.
Santa Rosa Plain - Flatlands near Santa Rosa, encompassing Olivet Road and the Piner-Olivet area.
Green Valley AVA - In the south western part of the Russian River AVA, centered around the towns of Graton and Occidental. Known for Pinot Noir and Chardonnay, but also producing Sauvignon Blanc,Syrah adn Zinfandel. Wine producers often use the more prestigious 'Russian River AVA' on their labels.
Sebastopol Hills - In southern Russian River AVA, running east to west around the town of Sebastopol.
Sonoma Coast AVA - Established in 1987, this is the largest AVA in Sonoma County, comprised of approximately 500,000 acres. It includes the sub-regions of West Sonoma Coast AVA, Fort Ross-Seaview AVA, Petaluma Gap AVA and portions of the Russian River Valley and Los Carneros AVAs.
Petaluma Gap - Recognized as a separate AVA in 2017 apart from the Sonoma Coast AVA, this region spans around 200,000 acres centered around Petaluma. The ‘gap’ is a 15 mile wide opening in the coastal mountain range that brings cold air from the Pacific Ocean.
Sonoma Mountain AVA - This AVA was established in 1985 as a prestigious, high-altitude region located entirely within the Sonoma Valley.
Sonoma Valley AVA - Established in 1981, it is the historic heart of California’s wine industry. Often called the "Valley of the Moon" (a name popularized by Jack London), it is nestled between the Mayacamas Mountains to the east and the Sonoma Mountains to the west. It contains several sub-AVAs including Moon Mountain, Sonoma Mountain, Bennett Valley, and a portion of Los Carneros.
Napa
Atlas Peak AVA - This AVA, established in 1992, sits on the western slopes of the Vaca Range. At 760 to 2,663 feet, most vineyards sit well above the fog line resulting in abundant sunshine and cooler daytime temperatures than the valley. Cabernet Sauvignon is king of the mountain here, along with Merlot, Sangiovese and Chardonnay.
Calistoga AVA - The northernmost and warmest region in the Napa Valley. Established in 2009, it experiences the greatest diurnal temperature swings in Napa Valley. Daytime temperatures can be above 100 F, but at night the temperature can drop 40-50 degrees. Cabernet Sauvignon, Zinfandel and Petite Sirah are the primary grapes.
Chiles Valley AVA - Established in 1999, this AVA is a secluded, high-elevation wine region tucked into the Vaca Mountains northeast of Rutherford at 600 to 1200 feet of elevation. Cabernet Sauvignon and Zinfandel are the top reds, while Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc are the top whites.
Coombsville AVA - Often called Napa’s hidden gem, this AVA was established in 2011. It is significantly cooler than the rest of the Napa Valley because of its proximity to the San Pablo Bay. Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah and Chardonnay are its primary grapes.
Crystal Springs of Napa Valley AVA - The newest AVA in Napa, this one was established in 2024 and represents the 17th sub-appellation. Located entirely on the hillside of the western face of the Vaca Range. Primary grapes include Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet Franc and Malbec with small amounts of Sauvignon Blanc.
Diamond Mountain District AVA - Sitting between 400 and 2200 feet above sea level, this AVA (estab. 2001) is named for its glittering shards of volcanic glass (obsidian) and crystals found in the soil. Cabernet Sauvignon is the primary grape along with Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Syrah and even a bit of Grüner Veltliner.
Howell Mountain AVA - Established in 1983, it was the first sub-appellation within the Napa Valley. Only vineyards above 1400 feet elevation can use the Howell Mountain name on their labels. The primary grapes are Cabernet Sauvignon, Zinfandel, Merlot, Cabernet Franc, and smaller amounts of Chardonnay and Viognier.
Los Carneros AVA - This AVA straddles both Napa and Sonoma counties, thus you will see wines labeled as Los Carneros (Napa) or Carneros (Sonoma) depending on where the winery's physical address sits. On the Napa side, it acts as the cool, southern gateway to the valley. The wines here are about finesse, acidity, and earthiness add include Pinot Noir and Chardonnay.
Mt Veeder AVA - Established in 1990, this AVA is the coolest and most southern of the Napa Valley AVAs. Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Malbec, Syrah and Chardonnay are the primary grapes.
Oak Knoll District of Napa Valley AVA - Established in 2004, this AVA is often described as the "sweet spot" of the valley. Located just north of the city of Napa, it acts as a transition zone between the cool Carneros region to the south and the warmer reaches of Yountville and Oakville to the north. Primary grapes include Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot (maybe the best in Napa), Chardonnay and Riesling.
Oakville AVA - Established in 1993, this AVA is the "gold coast" of Napa Valley. Located in the center of the valley floor between Yountville and Rutherford, it is arguably the most prestigious 2-mile stretch of vineyard land in the United States, home to more "cult" wineries than any other district (e.g., Opus One, Screaming Eagle, Silver Oak, Far Niente, Harlan Estate). Cabernet Sauvignon is the signature grape along with Merlot, Cabernet Franc and Sauvignon Blanc. Many producers also make Bordeaux-styled blends.
Pope Valley AVA (Proposed) - Pope Valley is not an official AVA. Instead, it is a distinct, rural wine-growing area located in the northeastern corner of Napa County, just behind Howell Mountain. Because it lacks its own AVA status, most grapes grown here are blended into larger Napa Valley AVA bottlings. Grapes include Cabernet Sauvignon, Sauvignon Blanc, Merlot and Chardonnay.
Rutherford AVA - Established in 1993, this six-square-mile region is the spiritual home of Napa Valley’s most historic and elegant Cabernet Sauvignons (often described as “dusty” versus the more brawny Cabernets found elsewhere).
St. Helena AVA - The historic heart of Napa, this AVA was established in 1995 in the hourglass-shaped appellation that encompasses the narrowest part of the valley floor. It one of the warmest appellations. Primary grapes are Cabernet Sauvignon, Zinfandel, Petite Sirah and Sauvignon Blanc.
Spring Mountain District AVA - Established in 1993, this AVA is located on the eastern slopes of the Mayacamas Mountains overlooking St. Helena. It is defined by its steep forests and complex terrain. While Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot are the leaders, you will also find Riesling, Gewürztraminer, and Syrah.
Stags Leap AVA - Located in the eastern side of Napa Valley at the base of the Stags Leap Palisades, it was the first American Viticultural Area created primarily based on the distinctiveness of its soils. Primary grapes are Cabernet Sauvignon, Petite Sirah, Merlot and Cabernet Franc. Small amount of Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc can be found.
Wild Horse Valley AVA - Established in 1988 it is one of the most remote and obscure wine growing regions in the Napa Valley. Pinot Noir and Chardonnay are the primary grapes but there are some small planting of Cabernet Sauvignon and Syrah.
Yountville AVA - Established in 1999, this AVA is the historic bedrock of the valley. It was here that pioneer George C. Yount planted Napa’s first grapevines in 1836. Primary grapes are Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay.
Sierra Foothills
Sierra Foothills AVA - Located in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, this AVA was established in 1987. While Zinfandel is the most produced grape, others include Chardonnay, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Syrah and Barbera.
Amador County -- Two-thirds of the wines produced here are Zinfandel. Other major grapes include Barbera, Sangiovese, Syrah and Grenache.
California Shenandoah Valley AVA - First settled during the California Gold Rush, this AVA was formally established in 1982. While mostly producing Zinfandel, many other grapes are grown including Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Viognier, Cabernet Sauvignon, Carignane, Grenache, Merlot, Mourvedre, Nebbiolo, Petite Sirah, Roussanne, Sangiovese, Syrah and Barbera.
Fiddletown AVA - Established in 1983, this area is between 1500 - 2500 feet in elevation and produces approximately 20% of the wines from Amador County. Grapes produced include Zinfandel, Barbera, Grenache and Petite Sirah.
El Dorado County
El Dorado AVA - Located between 1200 - 3500 feet above sea level, this region get cool breezes coming off the mountains. While focused on the production of Zinfandel, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot, many other grapes are grown here including Chardonnay, Gewurztraminer, Pinot Gris, Sauvignon Blanc and Viognier as well as Barbera, Cabernet Franc, Grenache, Marsanne, Petite Sirah, Syrah, Tempranillo and Sangiovese.
Fair Play AVA - Established in 2001, this region is contained within the El Dorado and Sierra Foothills AVAs. It has approximately 350 acres of planted vineyards focused on growing Zinfandel as well as Chardonnay, Viognier, Sauvignon Blanc, and Barbera, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Malbec, and Sangiovese.
Yuba County
North Yuba AVA - Established in 1985, this region produces Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling as well as Zinfandel, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Malbec, Pinot Noir, Sangiovese and Syrah
South Coast
South Coast AVA - Established on November 21, 1985, it is a "mega-appellation" that functions as an overarching region for Southern California. It covers portions of five counties including Los Angeles County, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, and San Diego.
Los Angeles County
Antelope Valley of the California High Desert AVA - Established in 2011, this is one of California's most extreme wine regions and holds the record for the longest name of any American Viticultural Area. It covers a massive 426,000 acres across northern Los Angeles and southern Kern counties, encircling the cities of Lancaster and Palmdale. Grapes include Syrah, Tempranillo, Zinfandel, and Viognier which are the most successful. Some producers also grow Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, and Chardonnay.
Leona Valley AVA - This is a small, specialized wine region in northeastern Los Angeles County. Situated about 50 miles inland, it sits within a narrow valley in the Sierra Pelona Mountains, separated from the Pacific's influence by the San Gabriel Mountains. It sits at approximatley 3000 above sea level. But, only about 20 acres of vineyards exists including Syrah, Chardonnay, Sangiovese, Zinfandel, Cabernet Sauvignon and Pinot Noir.
Malibu-Newton Canyon AVA - Established in 1996, this is a tiny, exclusive wine region that ranges from 1400 to 2800 feet about sea level. It is primarily know for Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, and Cabernet Franc as well as some Chardonnay.
Saddle Rock - Malibu AVA - Established in 2006, this AVA covers 2090 acres at 1700 to 2236 feet of elevation. Known for bold reds such as Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Syrah and Zinfandel.
Sierra Pelona Valley AVA - Established in 2010, this is a unique high-desert wine region in northwestern Los Angeles County. It is centered around the community of Agua Dulce, tucked between the Santa Clarita and Palmdale areas. Vineyards sit at 2400 to 3400 feet with just around 100 acres of vines. Zinfandel is the primary grape along with Syrah, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Tempranillo.
Riverside County
Cucamonga Valley AVA - Established in 1995, it sits approximately 50 miles east of Los Angeles in San Bernardino and Riverside Counties. While it was once the most productive wine region in the state—surpassing Napa and Sonoma combined during Prohibition—urban sprawl has reduced its vineyard acreage from over 35,000 to less than 1,000 today. Zinfandel is the leading variety along with some Petite Sirah and Alicante Bouschet.
Temecula Valley AVA - The Temecula Valley AVA is Southern California's largest wine-producing region. Located in Riverside County between Los Angeles and San Diego, it was established in 1984. the region features warm days and significantly cooler nights. This "diurnal shift" is fueled by cool ocean breezes that flow through the Santa Margarita and Rainbow Gaps in the coastal mountains, helping grapes maintain acidity. It is home to nearly 50 wineries and successfully growing over 30 varieties including Syrah, Zinfandel, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, and Italian varietals like Sangiovese and Montepulciano. Leading white wines include Viognier, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc andd Pinot Gris.
San Diego - San Diego County has deep viticulture roots dating back more than two centuries. Father Junipero Serra planted the state’s first wine grapes at the Mission San Diego d Alcalá in 1769. This county was one of the biggest producers of wine before Prohibition.
Ramona Valley AVA - Designated in 2006, this valley is 154 square miles and home to more than 30 wineries. Grapes grown include Syrah, Sangiovese, Cabernet Sauvignon, Zinfandel and Petite Sirah.
San Pasqual Valley AVA - Established on August 17, 1981, it was the first wine appellation in San Diego County and is among the oldest in the United States. It is located about 30 miles north of San Diego, nestled in a narrow valley near the city of Escondido. Grapes grown include Syrah, Merlot, Grenache, Sangiovese, and Tempranillo. Viognier is the primary white varietal.
Other
Humbolt County
Willow Creek AVA - Established in 1983, this AVA is a remote and tiny wine region located in the Klamath Mountains of northern California. It primarily sits on the eastern edge of Humboldt County, with a small portion extending into Trinity County. Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Zinfandel, Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay thrive here.
Siskiyou County
Seiad Valley AVA - Established in 1994, it is California’s northernmost wine region. Located in Siskiyou County about 15 miles south of the Oregon border, it is a remote, mountain-ringed valley along the Klamath River. While Riesling is the focus, Chardonnay, Pinot Noir and Syrah are also grown.
Trinity County
Trinity Lakes AVA - Established in 2005, it is a remote and high-altitude wine region in northeastern Trinity County, roughly 90 miles west of Redding. It is one of California’s most secluded appellations, defined by its relationship with two man-made reservoirs. Grapes include Chardonnay, Riesling, Gewürztraminer, and Pinot Noir. It is also one of the few places in California where you can find Blaufränkisch.